To the best of my knowledge saying Voldemort's name only allowed you to be tracked/located during the events of Deathly Hallows, after Voldemort had assumed control of the Ministry. This effect was referred to as the Taboo. This seems like a rather specialized bit of magic, with no precedence in the six previous books, so it seems unlikely that Dumbledore, or anybody else, would have considered the possibility this might happen in the future.
"... and how did you find out about the Taboo?" he asked Harry after explaining the many desperate attempts of Muggle-borns to evade the Ministry."
"The what?"
"You and Hermione have stopped saying You-Know-Who's name!"
"Oh, yeah, Well, it's just a bad habit we've slipped into," said Harry. "But I haven't got a problem calling him V ---"
"NO!" roared Ron, causing Harry to jump into the hedge and Hermione (nose buried in a book at the tent entrance) to scowl over at them. "Sorry," said Ron, wrenching Harry back out of the brambles, "but the name's been jinxed, Harry, that's how they track people! Using his name breaks protective enchantments, it causes some kind of magical disturbance --- it's how they found us in Tottenham Court Road!"
"Because we used his name?"
"Exactly! You've got to give them credit, it makes sense. It was only people who were serious about standing up to him, like Dumbledore, who even dared use it. Now they've put a Taboo on it, anyone who says it is trackable --- quick-and-easy way to find Order members! They nearly got Kingsley ---"
Deathly Hallows, Chapter 20 - Xenophilius Lovegood
As for the exact quote from Dumbledore about "fear of the name":
“Sir?” said Harry. “I’ve been thinking… sir — even if the Stone’s gone, Vol-, I mean, YouKnow-Who —”
“Call him Voldemort, Harry. Always use the proper name for things. Fear of a name increases fear of the thing itself.”
Philosopher's Stone, Chapter 17 - The Man With Two Faces
...saying his name out loud which would help him find Harry?
That isn't true. The taboo was only placed in Book 7. Dumbledore was dead, by then, and had no clue even earlier that a taboo would be put. :/