He actually does talk to them in a deleted scenedeleted scene:
When the Engineer wakes up and David 8 greets him, he stands up and asks why they have come.
David responds that Peter Weyland wants immortality, and Weyland adds that he has created David like the Engineer's people created humankind, essentially making him a superior being like them.
(David doesn't translate what Weyland says here, however, so I'm not sure how it is understood.)
It sounds like this is what freaks the Engineer out and makes him go ballistic. You can watch the full scene on the BlueBlu-Ray or a rough edit here.
Note: It looks like the rough edit has been modified to pass YouTube copyright filters.