In episode three, "Context is King" we see that Keyla DetmerKeyla Detmer has had a similar device added compared to the first two episodes.
Especially paired with her coldness/anger vs. Michael Burham, it is clear that this prosthetic/implant is a result of her injury in the previous episode at the Battle of the Binary Stars.
So we must conclude that this type of (probably cybernetic) augmentation is relatively commonplace in the new canon, similarly to other changes such as the ubiquitous holographic communications.