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I wonder if you might have read an Italian translation of Little Fuzzy by H. Beam Piper? The book was first published in English in 1962, and translated into Italian as Il piccolo popolo that same year, so it fits your time frame.

It is not set on Mars, and the gentle Fuzzies aren't cats, but the conflict and its resolution, the researcher (more like prospector), an antagonistic scientist, and various corporate and government agents are present, and the Fuzzies help resolve the central conflict by demonstrating their sapience. While the Fuzzies are not telepathic, they do communicate by ultrasound, and humans not realizing this—not understanding how they communicate—is part of the plot. There are also some sequels.

Below are a few English language covers, some of them depict a cat-like (if bipedal) Little Fuzzy:

And here are some covers of the Italian translation of Little Fuzzy, Il piccolo popolo by Bianca Russo:

I wonder if you might have read an Italian translation of Little Fuzzy by H. Beam Piper? The book was first published in English in 1962, and translated into Italian as Il piccolo popolo that same year, so it fits your time frame.

It is not set on Mars, and the gentle Fuzzies aren't cats, but the conflict and its resolution, the researcher (more like prospector), an antagonistic scientist, and various corporate and government agents are present, and the Fuzzies help resolve the central conflict by demonstrating their sapience. While the Fuzzies are not telepathic, they do communicate by ultrasound, and humans not realizing this—not understanding how they communicate—is part of the plot. There are also some sequels.

Below are a few English language covers, some of them depict a cat-like (if bipedal) Little Fuzzy:

And here are some covers of the Italian translation of Little Fuzzy, Il piccolo popolo by Bianca Russo:

I wonder if you might have read an Italian translation of Little Fuzzy by H. Beam Piper? The book was first published in English in 1962, and translated into Italian as Il piccolo popolo that same year, so it fits your time frame.

It is not set on Mars, and the gentle Fuzzies aren't cats, but the conflict and its resolution, the researcher (more like prospector), an antagonistic scientist, and various corporate and government agents are present, and the Fuzzies help resolve the central conflict by demonstrating their sapience. While the Fuzzies are not telepathic, they do communicate by ultrasound, and humans not realizing this—not understanding how they communicate—is part of the plot. There are also some sequels. Below are a few English language covers, some of them depict a cat-like (if bipedal) Little Fuzzy:

And here are some covers of the Italian translation of Little Fuzzy, Il piccolo popolo by Bianca Russo:

I wonder if you might have read an Italian translation of Little Fuzzy by H. Beam Piper? The book was first published in English in 1962, and translated into Italian as Il piccolo popolo that same year, so it fits your time frame.

It is not set on Mars, and the gentle Fuzzies aren't cats, but the conflict and its resolution, the researcher (more like prospector), an antagonistic scientist, and various corporate and government agents are present, and the Fuzzies help resolve the central conflict by demonstrating their sapience. While the Fuzzies are not telepathic, they do communicate by ultrasound, and humans not realizing this—not understanding how they communicate—is part of the plot. There are also some sequels. 

Below are a few English language covers, some of them depict a cat-like (if bipedal) Little Fuzzy:

And here are some covers of the Italian translation of Little Fuzzy, Il piccolo popolo by Bianca Russo:

I wonder if you might have read an Italian translation of Little Fuzzy by H. Beam Piper? The book was first published in English in 1962, and translated into Italian as Il piccolo popolo that same year, so it fits your time frame.

It is not set on Mars, and they Fuzzies aren't cats, but the conflict and its resolution, the researcher (more like prospector), an antagonistic scientist, and various corporate and government agents are present, and the Fuzzyies help resolve the central conflict by demonstrating their sapience. While the Fuzzies are not telepathic, they do communicate by ultrasound, and humans not realizing this—not understanding how they communicate—is part of the plot. There are also some sequels. Below are a few English language covers, some of them depict a cat-like (if bipedal) Little Fuzzy:

And here are some covers of the Italian translation of Little Fuzzy, Il piccolo popolo by Bianca Russo:

I wonder if you might have read an Italian translation of Little Fuzzy by H. Beam Piper? The book was first published in English in 1962, and translated into Italian as Il piccolo popolo that same year, so it fits your time frame.

It is not set on Mars, and the gentle Fuzzies aren't cats, but the conflict and its resolution, the researcher (more like prospector), an antagonistic scientist, and various corporate and government agents are present, and the Fuzzies help resolve the central conflict by demonstrating their sapience. While the Fuzzies are not telepathic, they do communicate by ultrasound, and humans not realizing this—not understanding how they communicate—is part of the plot. There are also some sequels. Below are a few English language covers, some of them depict a cat-like (if bipedal) Little Fuzzy:

And here are some covers of the Italian translation of Little Fuzzy, Il piccolo popolo by Bianca Russo: