For a more exhaustive chapter-to-episode breakdown derived from Joel Geddert's Game of Thrones episode chapter coverage interactive table (Note: contains chapter titles with POV character names):
###Season 1
Season 1
- A Game of Thrones: 69 of 73 chapters
- A Clash of Kings: 1 of 70 chapters
###Season 2
Season 2
- A Clash of Kings: 55 of 70 chapters
- A Storm of Swords: 5 of 82 chapters
###Season 3
Season 3
- A Clash of Kings: 1 of 70 chapters
- A Storm of Swords: 44 of 82 chapters
- A Dance with Dragons: 1 of 73 chapters
###Season 4
Season 4
- A Storm of Swords: 20 of 82 chapters
- A Feast for Crows: 1 of 46 chapters
- A Dance with Dragons: 2 of 73 chapters
###Season 5
Season 5
- A Storm of Swords: 3 of 82 chapters
- A Feast for Crows: 17 of 46 chapters
- A Dance with Dragons: 25 of 73 chapters
- The Winds of Winter: 2 of ?? chapters
###Season 6
Season 6
- A Storm of Swords: 1 of 82 chapters
- A Feast for Crows: 6 of 46 chapters
- A Dance with Dragons: 2 of 73 chapters
- The Winds of Winter: 1 of ?? chapters
Note that some book chapters have not been covered on the TV show either because events were changed or cut from the TV show, and that the more the show has continued, the more it has invented new material of its own.
For another good reference, the Boars, Gore, and Swords podcast is experiencing the TV show before the books and they have been doing a book club after each season. Check out their episode guide.