This isn't explained in-universe, but there are a few contributing factors that may have contributed:
[Ch.] 45. King and Aragorn (with Merry, Legolas, Gimli) ride to the HonrburgHornburg. Overtaken by the Sons of Elrond and 30 Rangers seeking Aragorn (probably because of messages sent by Galadriel to Elrond). King rides to Dunharrow by mountain roads. Aragorn (Legolas and Gimli) and Rangers go by open road. Aragorn reveals he has looked in Palantír, and seeks the Paths of the Dead.
Although I haven't found any commentary from ChristopherEven if Tolkien confirming ithad thought of adding them to the fellowship (which seems unlikely; from a narrative perspective they don't add much), it's quite possible that Tolkien didn't feel it was probably not worth substantially re-writing the firstrewriting two-thirds of his manuscript to add in these new characters.