Jedi have a lot of rules and breaking them presumably invokes some kind of punishment. The only one that comes to mind is "exile", but even that is not explained in depth. (This question asks how Jedi may leave the order voluntarily, but we all know the most interesting stories are the involuntary kinds of leaving.)
It seems that in most cases a Jedi simply "goes bad", becomes a Sith, plots a plot, returns, and dies at the hands of a Jedi in pitched combat; hardly a reliable means of discipline.
Instead, picture the descent of a Jedi from an idealistic Padawan to a demented Sith Lord. Surely there must be a spectrum of penance. Are there examples (EU or canon, preferably both - roughly around the era of Episodes I-III) that cover the ways Jedi are punished?