Foundation (by Isaac Asimov) was published in 1951, and primarily dealt with psychohistory, a branch of mathematics that laid down all the probable paths splitting off from a point and the percentage chance of each path actually occuring.
Dune (by Frank Herbert) was published in 1965, and involved the hero being able to see all possible paths splitting off from the current point in time, and what paths would become reality if certain actions were taken.
The foresight from spice in Dune sounds very similar to intuitive applied psychohistory, and the publication dates are such that it is likely that Frank Herbert read Foundation.
Did Frank Herbert ever acknowledge any inspiration from Foundation?