I read this short story from an anthology years ago, so I don't remember much of the details. It may have been written in the 50s to 60s.
It involves a man who has to visit a space station or an outpost in space, is exposed to alien writing and gradually ends up being unable to read his own written language. However, he is then able to read the alien writing.
Edit: There are probably more important details I'm missing here. This seems to have taken place in a small outpost/station in space, in a smaller enclosed space.