The Reddit thread 'What are the rules on Quirrell's 'Rules for Being a Successful Dark Lord' list?' provides a good start towards answering the question, but is somewhat incomplete. It is very difficult to find all the rules, as the text never gives a complete list of all rules, and only provides some rules in a disjointed manner.
However...
The rules specifically referred to and numbered are:
1. Do not go around provoking strong, vicious enemies
"But no. The first item was, 'I will not go around provoking strong, vicious enemies.' The history of the world would be very different if Mornelithe Falconsbane or Hitler had grasped that elementary point. Now if, Mr. Potter—just if by some chance you harbor an ambition similar to the one I held as a young Slytherin—even so, I hope it is not your ambition to become a stupid Dark Lord."
Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality; chapter 19 (Delayed Gratification), page 288
2. Don't brag
"Precisely," said Professor Quirrell. He was grinning. "So I am going to violate rule two—which was simply 'don't brag'—and tell you about something I have done."
Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality; chapter 20 (Baye's Theorem), page 321
8. Any technique which is good enough to defeat me once is good enough to learn myself.
"Rule Eight," said the Defense Professor. "Any technique which is good enough to defeat me once is good enough to learn myself."
Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality; chapter 90 (Roles I), page 1512
10. Do not rant about the opposition's unworthiness after they have foiled you
"Fair enough, I suppose," said Professor Quirrell. "There is a saying that even a stopped clock is right twice a day, and I do not think Miss Granger was actually being reasonable. Still, Rule Ten: one must not rant about the opposition's unworthiness after they have foiled you."
Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality; chapter 108 (The Truth V: Answers and Riddles), page 1738
12. Never leave the source of your power lying around where someone else can find it
"Visualize the scene, Mr. Potter. Let your imagination fill in the details. Slytherin's Monster—probably some great serpent, so that only a Parselmouth may speak to it—has finished imparting all of the knowledge it possesses to He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named. It conveys to him Salazar's final benediction, and warns him that the Chamber of Secrets must now remain closed until the next descendant of Salazar should prove cunning enough to open it. And he who will become the Dark Lord nods, and says to it—"
"Avada Kedavra," aid harry, suddenly feeling sick to his stomach.
"Rule Twelve," Professor Quirrell said quietly. "Never leave the source of your power lying around where someone else can find it."
Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality; chapter 49 (Prior Information), page 783
34. Become an Animagus
"Obviously," hissed the snake. "Thirty-sseven ruless, number thirty-four: Become Animaguss. All sensible people do, if can. Thuss, very rare."
Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality; chapter 49 (Prior Information), page 785
Rules talked about, but never given a number:
• In matters of vital importance, handle them yourself instead of sending a lieutenant
"[...] In retrospect it would have been better if I had sent Bellatrix to the Potters' home in my place; but I had a Rule telling me that for such matters I must go myself and not try sending a trusted lieutenant."
Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality; chapter 108 (The Truth V: Answers and Riddles), page 1729
Rules given a number, but never talked about:
• Rules 9, 16, 20 and 22 violated by creating an enemy to oppose
"It was when I had the prospect of creating another Tom Riddle to plot against, someone even more worthy than Dumbledore, that I was first willing to contemplate the end of my war. Yes, in retrospect that sounds stupid, but sometimes our emotions are more foolish than we can bring our reason to admit. I would never have espoused such a policy deliberately. It would have violated Rules Nine, Sixteen, Twenty, and Twenty-two and that is too much even if you are enjoying yourself."
Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality; Chapter 108 (The Truth V: Answers and Riddles), page 1752