He sort of has nicknames
Dany only ever refers to him as "Viserys" or "her brother" in her POV chapters so it's likely that she never had a nickname for him. Which makes sense seeing as at the beginning of the story she is still afraid of him.
Viserys however, calls himself "The Dragon" on multiple occasions. Although this could be him referring to getting angry he calls it himself often enough it becomes a sort of nickname of himself.
"You will not fail me tonight. If you do, it will go hard for you. You don't want to wake the dragon, do you?" His fingers twisted her, the pinch cruelly hard through the rough fabric of her tunic. "Do you?" he repeated.
A Game of Thrones, Daenerys I
Her brother had a simpler name. "Our land," he called it. The words were like a prayer with him. If he said them enough, the gods were sure to hear. "Ours by blood right, taken from us by treachery, but ours still, ours forever. You do not steal from the dragon, oh, no. The dragon remembers."
A Game of Thrones, Daenerys I
The people of the streets around Illyrio's palace and Pentos call him "The Beggar King".
Years past they had been forced to sell their last few treasures, and now even the coin they had gotten from Mother's crown had gone. In the alleys and wine sinks of Pentos, they called her brother "the beggar king." Dany did not want to know what they called her.
A Game of Thrones, Daenerys I
Lastly, the Dothraki call him "Khal Rhae Mhar" and "Khal Rhaggat", meaning "the Sorefoot King" and "the Cart King" respectively, though Viserys didn't know the meaning of the words taking them to be good things.
Dany followed on her silver, escorted by Ser Jorah Mormont and her brother Viserys, mounted once more. After the day in the grass when she had left him to walk back to the khalasar, the Dothraki had laughingly called him Khal Rhae Mhar, the Sorefoot King. Khal Drogo had offered him a place in a cart the next day, and Viserys had accepted. In his stubborn ignorance, he had not even known he was being mocked; the carts were for eunuchs, cripples, women giving birth, the very young and the very old. That won him yet another name: Khal Rhaggat, the Cart King. Her brother had thought it was the khal's way of apologizing for the wrong Dany had done him. She had begged Ser Jorah not to tell him the truth, lest he be shamed. The knight had replied that the king could well do with a bit of shame … yet he had done as she bid. It had taken much pleading, and all the pillow tricks Doreah had taught her, before Dany had been able to make Drogo relent and allow Viserys to rejoin them at the head of the column.
A Game of Thrones, Daenerys IV