The Mist, the Duat, and Ginnungagap are essentially the same thing
The Duat refers to the layers of reality beyond what mortals can perceive. The Mist is the uppermost layer thereof: the only layer that most ordinary, non-magical humans can see:
After Annabeth’s adventure on Rockaway Beach, she’d told me how
frightening it was to see the Duat. She wondered whether the Egyptian
Duat was somehow related to the Greek concept of Mist – the magical
veil that kept mortals from recognizing gods and monsters.
With Nekhbet in my mind, I knew the answer. Of course the Mist was
related. The Mist was simply a Greek name for the uppermost layer
between the worlds – the layer that Setne was now shredding.
The Crown of Ptolemy
Basically, these are two different ways of describing the same thing. The Norse demigods of the Magnus Chase series are also aware of the Mist, providing a third way of describing it:
Still a sword, Hearth signed. Mortals are not good at seeing magical
things. Between Ice and Fire is Mist, G-i-n-n-u-n-g-a-g-a-p. Obscures
appearances. Hard to explain in signs.
Magnus Chase and the Sword of Summer
The function of the Mist in all the series is basically the same, however it may be described: to obscure the true nature of things from mortal (and perhaps somewhat less than mortal) minds.
As such, anyone with magic can manipulate them
It’s also clear that the Mist can certainly be manipulated both by magicians and demigods:
Still, we were both disturbed by the way Setne’s spell tore through
the Mist. He wasn’t just manipulating it. Magicians did that all the
time.
The House of Hades
Manipulating the Mist (or lower layers of the Duat) is how magicians accomplish their magic. This should come as no surprise: Hecate, the goddess (really Titan) of magic, maintains the Mist (though we can’t say for sure that she’s the only such entity):
“I am the goddess of the Mist,” Hecate explained. “I am responsible
for keeping the veil that separates the world of the gods from the
world of mortals. My children learn to use the Mist to their
advantage, to create illusions or influence the minds of mortals.
Other demigods can do this as well. And so must you, Hazel, if you are
to help your friends.”
The House of Hades
She’s not only the goddess of Greek magicians: Hazel’s mother practiced gris-gris, and Hecate took notice of her:
“The point is, Hazel Levesque, your mother may have claimed not to
believe, but she had true magic. Eventually, she realized this. When
she searched for a spell to summon the god Pluto, I helped her find
it.”
The House of Hades
In a similar way, the connection between magic and the Mist is not limited to Greek magicians. Nonetheless, it’s implied that there are some distinctions between Greek and Egyptian magic:
His body sucked in energy from every direction, destroying the
boundaries between the Duat and the mortal world, between Greek magic
and Egyptian magic – slowly transforming him into an immortal.
The Crown of Ptolemy
Perhaps these distinctions are also part of the Mist, or the layers of reality represented by the Duat?
In essence, the Mist is something that anyone with magical ability can use.