Superman (in World's Finest #41) creates a new element by applying heat and pressure to an ore. It's named Supermanium in his honour and is described as 'the hardest substance in existence'.

This is backed up in Superman #167, where it's described by Brainiac (who's pretty smart) as 'the strongest metal known to science'.

Interestingly, in Superman #365, Superman himself describes it as the 'densest' metal known, so it's apparently both the densest and strongest.

Honourable mention #1 goes to Amazonium, also described by Diana (in Wonder Woman #52) as the 'hardest metal known'.

and by the narrator in similarly glowing terms in Wonder Woman #68.

Honourable mention #2 goes to Marvelium, created by Captain Marvel in Captain Marvel Adventures #100. Much like Supermanium, it's created by crushing other elements to make the 'heaviest and strongest element of all'.

Honourable(ish) mention #3 goes to Inertron, a metal created by Brainiac 5 in Adventure Comics #336 that is supposedly "the most indestructible substance in the galaxy". It loses points because it gets destructed repeatedly, by Karate Kid, Superboy, Element Lad, Mon-El and various others over the next few decades.
