The Timekeeper was originally made in Holland. The watchmaker was also
an alchemist. Instead of making it an ordinary watch, he gave it the
ability to alter time.
Although there is currently little evidence that Jack traveled to the future or that the Timekeeper's warping of time includes future time periods or that someone could interact with someone from the future for very long, it may be possible, in another instance, it could of happened.
Jack is certainly off the map this time! In their struggle to keep a
charmed timepiece away from their enemies, he and his crewmate
Fitzwilliam P. Dalton III have unlocked another of its powers—the
ability to warp time. Now they have no idea where, or rather when,
they will turn up!
The young Jack Sparrow novels aimed at elementary-aged children feature several items and characters that are now also finding their way into the films such as Captain Morgan and The Trident of Poseidon. In the book Jack Sparrow: Dance of the Hours, the Timekeeper, introduced in an earlier book, creates a situation where time is warped!!
The Timekeeper seems not to work after this instance, but whose to say that it never worked again! It's also possible that someone from the future could of interacted with Jack at some point, should the Timekeeper worked for them...
That's not say that I think the anachronism trope is not the reason, but I did want to offer a speculative answer based on an existing object that relates to a kind of time travel.