From the movies we know that Transformers can
- See
It also seems that they can
- Smell
This is "proved" by Ironhide's phrase in the beginning of the "Revenge of the Fallen", when he refers to a Decepticon
He is here, I smell him.
Also when Autobots first meet Sam, Ratchet mentions that Sam has high level of hormones, which, I suppose, he "sniffed".
It is also clear that they can
- Hear
Do they have any other ways of getting information about the outer world? Do they, as super-advanced machines, have any detectors or radars? I am quite sure they do, because they drive somehow, while their eyes are somewhere deep under the hood.
I have only watched Michael "Logical Plot" Bay movies.