While not technically a "release", VidAngel is an online service that allows users to connect to a number of streaming services that they already subscribe to* and filter out types of objectionable content (e.g. language, violence, sex, disturbing scenes) that they wish to avoid in shows they want to watch.
The service lists Star Trek: Discovery as one of the shows it is able to filter, although it appears to only be through Amazon Prime or CBS All Access (rather than through Netflix, where it is distributed internationally). To clarify: you have to already subscribe to these services in addition to VidAngel; this is not a pirate service that allows you to get access to something you haven't bought.*


As you can see in the screenshots above, there are a number of filters that are available on a per-episode basis, so there is very fine-grained control over what sort of content you want included or not. Your account can also be set up to exclude certain types of content by default for all future episodes you watch.
So while you have to do a bit of work to set up the filters, you can create a version of Star Trek: Discovery that is tailored to exclude the sort of content you don't want younger viewers to see.
* See their FAQ on "Is VidAngel Legal?", in which they describe why they believe their service is legal. That said, there is an ongoing legal battle with regards to VidAngel. Disney sued it for violating copyright and creating unauthorized derivative works. VidAngel filed a countersuit saying that they were not doing this because providing the means for user-requested censorship is permitted as part of the Family Home Movie Act of 2005. As things currently stand, the legal battle is ongoing and VidAngel has agreed to not include any content from Disney. You can read the latest on the legal battle here.