I'm going with a qualified "no". Operation Dark Storm filled the sky with molecular replicators capable of "drain[ing] the life" out of any electrical device passing through it.
[The molecular replicators immediately drain the life from the Sentinels and they fall dead tearing through the clouds that cling to them momentarily like shredded pieces of parachute, before letting them fall away.]
[The Logos is engulfed by a ball of lightning as it is attacked by the sky. It shakes violently, every light blowing out, until the ship dies]
Matrix Revolutions: Screenplay
Given that trying to get into space without electrics is impossible and returning to Earth from space without electrics is almost impossible, I can't imagine that the space-faring nations of the world would send their astronauts to their deaths for no discernible benefit. They would have returned them to Earth before burning the sky.