I'm trying to remember a book where generalization of knowledge was mentioned in every chapter at least once.
The book contained either a series of short stories with the same protagonists, either a novel in which each chapter was devoted to a specific, stand-alone situation. There might have been an overarching plot, but the book had a distinct "Sherlock Holmes solves one case after another"-feel.
IIRC, the book was set on a spaceship, traveling between planets. It had a crew of scientists, each of whom was an expert in their respective field. Every time the crew would get in trouble, the protagonist would find a solution. The main identifying detail (and the leitmotif for the whole book) was that the protagonist was a polymath with an extensive knowledge in multiple, largely unrelated subjects. Despite other people being more knowledgeable or skillful in something, "Sherlock" would always be the one with the right answer, because he was able to integrate expertise from many domains. Synergy/Integration of knowledge was repeatedly hailed as the only way to survive in the future.
I read it in the mid- to late 90s, so I'm assuming it's from the early 1990s, but it might be actually older.