In Avengers: Endgame, the way that Thanos was made aware of the Avengers' plans was because the Nebula from the past who was serving him somehow "synced up" with the future version of herself who was working with the Avengers. As such, she could "see" the future Nebula's thoughts and memories which were recorded in her cyber brain. But, plot convenience aside..
Why was this connection only working one way?
Thanos was only made aware of it because there was some sudden "feedback" that occurred when both Nebula's were in the same time at once. This is what allowed past Nebula to see all future Nebula's in the moment memories, and gave them details to the plans. But why couldn't future Nebula then "feel" when they were tapping into her memories the same way?