I started a book where the main character was a young female human (school age) slightly modified to survive on a planet with only slightly more gravity than Earth. There is a non-modified boy that was born on planet as well.
She explores the jungle world with a vibrating machete and fights a deadly beast, saving a native that I think no one knew existed on the planet.
Not entirely sure, since I haven't read the story itself, but could this be More Than Honor? It's an anthology for the Honor Harrington series, and the first story in it (A Beautiful Friendship) involves Stephanie Harrington, one of the first settlers of the world of Sphinx (IIRC still at teenage age) meeting a treecat (a local sapient but primitive species), being the first to find and bond with one. I think this meeting involved a fight with one of the local predators (possibly a Hexapuma).
The Harrington family is genetically altered for high-gravity worlds, providing improved physical abilities. Also, vibroblades are a common melee weapon and tool in the universe.
I don't know of her meeting any other humans in the story, but it's possible. I know the contents of the story since the broad lines are discussed in the main books, which match the question otherwise. This is also why I don't really have access to easy excerpts.
Sphinx technically isn't a jungle planet, but it contains large forests and particular types of trees that create a similar environment. It also has a stronger gravity than earth (1.2g I think).
Timeline-wise the anthology came out in 2002. A rerelease of the specific story is also in Worlds of Weber, which includes non-Honor stories as well.
Might this be The Keeper of the Isis Light (1980) by by Monica Hughes?
Olwen is a young human woman living on the planet Isis as the keeper of the Light (a navigation beacon). Her parents having died, her only companion is a robotic DaCoP (Data Collector and Processor), called Guardian. On Olwen's 16th birthday (10th on Isis), the Guardian tells her that settlers are coming from Earth to Cascade Valley. Olwen is in distress thinking that these settlers will ruin her perfect world.
Guardian explains that she must wear a special protective suit to protect her from the viruses and bacteria the settlers might be carrying. One of the younger settlers, Mark London, falls in love with Olwen, and Olwen wishes Guardian to allow her to see Mark without her suit. Guardian refuses.
One day, Mark overhears Guardian discussing some of Olwen's blood samples with Dr. MacDonald and he thinks Olwen might be in trouble so he climbs up towards her house. When he sees Olwen, he suffers an accident and falls from the top of Lighthouse Mesa. This turns out to be because of his shock at Olwen's appearance under the suit.
Later, Guardian tells Olwen the truth about the death of her parents, and his subsequent care of her as her mother wished. To keep Olwen safe, he changed her genetically, so the ultraviolet rays from Isis' sun, Ra, would not harm her, allowing her to climb to Isis' mountain heights. Shocked at the realization that Mark fell because of her, Olwen tries to enjoy playing with her favourite pet, a dragon-like native animal called Hobbit, when Hobbit is shot by hunting settlers. In rage, Olwen chases the Hunters back to the village. When the settlers see Olwen, they are disgusted by her appearance. Olwen refuses to wear the suit and vows to never go down into Cascade Valley again.
During a sudden solar storm, Olwen rescues a young settler boy, Jody, who was outside in the midst of the storm. The settlers do not know how to react to Olwen saving Jody.
The story ends with Olwen deciding to leave Cascade Valley, and live in isolation with Guardian.
