I think with the information at hand, we can safely call this one a mystery, or an unresolved sub-plot (pseudo plot maybe).
So the primary suspects are
1 Sifo Dyas
2 Count Dooku
3 Sheev Palpatine
Obviously Obi Wan knew Sifo Dyas or at least knew of him (to relay news of his passing to the Kaminoans) Lama Su certainly seemed to have had personal dealings with Sifo Dyas, but was the Sifo Dyas Obi Wan knew (or knew of) the same as the one Lama Su had dealings with? We'll never know.
It's possible another person travelled to Kamino under the identity of Sifo Dyas, was this connected to the real Sifo Dyas' death? again, a mystery.
While the timeline for Dooku places him as a Sith prior to the order for a clone army being placed with the Kaminoans, it's obvious he had some involvement with the project, at least peripherally, as Jango Fett states he was recruited "by a man named Tyrannus" (Darth Tyrannus is the Sith name of Count Dooku), if we're to take Fett at his word, Count Dooku was involved at least peripherally in the recruiting of an individual to be cloned, making him at the very least aware of the project.
His surprise at the appearance of the clone army could be that HE knew they existed, but he didn't know the Jedi and the republic also knew, so he was surprised by the fact the Jedi/ Republic had discovered and recruited the clone forces, more than the fact they existed.
It's also possible there was some overlap in terms of Dooku's involvement with both the Jedi order, and the Sith, as of the beginning of Ep II, Dooku is considered above suspicion by the Jedi order, specifically for the attempts on Padme Amidala's life, presumably when he left the Jedi order, he was given the equivalent of an honorable discharge, however, while still a part of the Jedi order, it's not inconceivable that he had already become involved with the Sith and was operating maliciously within the Jedi order in secret.
Presumably no evidence of his espionage was uncovered, allowing him to leave the Jedi order with his reputation intact, and held in some esteem by the Council of the order itself.
Given the known connection between Fett and Dooku, (they'd clearly met prior to their on-screen meeting on Geonosis) it's strongly implied that Dooku was indeed behind the attempts on Padme Amidala's life, using Fett as an intermediary (who in turn used Zam Wessel).
Dooku had both direct access to the Jedi temple and archives (Palpatine did not), AND prior knowledge of the cloning project itself, making him a very strong suspect indeed for the record tampering, however, whether acting as the Jedi Dooku, or the Sith Tyrannus, it's highly unlikely that his involvement occurred without either the knowledge or complicity of Sheev Palpatine aka Darth Sidious.
As a Sith apprentice, Dooku/ Tyrannus would be tasked with carrying out the orders of the Master Sith, it would appear that initiative is not encouraged in Sith circles, so if we are to assume that Dooku/ Tyrannus was involved or responsible (a fairly safe assumption) it logically follows that he was acting on the orders or instructions of Palpatine/ Sidious.
I'd suggest that the plan itself most likely originated from Palpatine/ Sidious, with the actual enacting of it being done by Dooku/ Tyrannus, using recruited assistants, such as Jango Fett.
The bigger question is why? If Palpatine intended to subvert the Republic and impose his own military Empire in it's place, he'd require a military to enforce that transition, he'd also require it to be kept under wraps, so as to not reveal his hand too soon, he'd also require a military crisis to justify the unveiling of said military without causing alarm and the suspension of existing checks and balances within the Galactic senate limiting the powers of the Chancellor, all of which he achieved (with Dooku's aid).
So I think it's safe to assume it's Dooku's fingerprints left at the crime scene, but Palpatine was the brains and driving force behind the whole thing.
Would it be enough to get a conviction in a court? Well, given the Republic court's track record with Nute Gunray, it seems unlikely.