We have learned that the Observers are just highly evolved humans. If that's the case, what's their motive for invading our present (their past)?
The most obvious answer would be to ship some resource to the future, but I don't believe this was even hinted at in the series.
As a bonus question, had the invasion succeeded, wouldn't this create a paradox? After all, this would alter the course of humanity, preventing the "breakthrough" in 2167 which eventually spawns the Observers themselves.