The following information about gravity generation is offered by the Force Awakens: Incredible Cross-Sections factbook
Gravity on the Millenium Falcon seems to be generated by the ship's "Acceleration Compensator" (not shown) and "Auxiliary acceleration compensator" (seen below in the image from Star Wars: Incredible Cross-Sections).
It's worth noting that given that both the top and bottom gun turret sit back-to-back, it stands to reason that their gravity runs in a different direction to the rest of the ship, top-to-bottom rather than parallel to the lower plane.
Escape pods have built-in gravity field generators and use tractor technology to hold occupants in place. We simply assume that gravity goes where it's needed, even if it's not obvious.
It's also important to note that in the Star Wars universe (as in Star Trek), gravity generation and manipulation is such a mature technology that it doesn't really bear much examination.
