The story I am trying to ID was published, I think, in Asimov's magazine in the early 1980s, though it could possibly be The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, and now I think about it the period might be off slightly... sorry!
As I recall it, the protagonist was imprisoned in a cell and forced to paint artworks. He had a special ability to paint very special artworks with different levels of the paintings revealed by different lighting, viewing angles, something like that (I don't recall 100%). I think he uses one of his paintings against his captor. The story had a sort of "Night Gallery" vibe.