During the Council of Elrond, those present at this council were people who were of the three largest races of good in Middle-earth. But these people have respective from their place such as Boromir; a Man from Gondor, and the only representative from Gondor who is present at the council. Aragorn; a Dunedain Ranger, who represents the Rangers from the North. These two warriors are the only identified people of the race of Man at the Council. Now, why were there no representatives from Rohan? Unlike their other kingdom of Men, Gondor, which has a representative who is Boromir.
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4Because why would you want a bunch of savages in on your party? Also where was the representative from the blue mountains? The Iron Hills? Lothlorien? The Grey Havens, Bree etc. Etc.– EdlothiadCommented Dec 22, 2017 at 17:37
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4There actually was a representative of the Grey Havens, Galdor.– suchiuomizuCommented Dec 22, 2017 at 17:49
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1In the movie version, at least, there were several unidentified humans. Maybe we can pretend one of them was from Rohan.– OmegacronCommented Dec 22, 2017 at 20:17
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Omegacron, we can't judge since it's an unidentified person– The Witch King of AngmarCommented Dec 22, 2017 at 20:44
5 Answers
The Council of Elrond was just a collection of random people there at the time.
Rohan wasn’t “represented” because no one from Rohan happened to be at the Council of Elrond at the time when Frodo arrived with the Ring. The Council wasn’t a long-in-the-planning event, it was a spontaneous meeting held with the “important” peoples who were in Rivendell at the time.
Boromir was in Rivendell because of a prophetic dream his brother had had regularly and he’s had once
Here,’ said Elrond, turning to Gandalf, ‘is Boromir, a man from the South. He arrived in the grey morning, and seeks for counsel...
I come to ask for counsel and the unravelling of hard words. For on the eve of the sudden assault a dream came to my brother in a troubled sleep; and afterwards a like dream came oft to him again, and once to me.
Fellowship of the Ring - Book Two, Chapter 2: The Council of Elrond
Aragorn was there with the Hobbits, Gimli was there with his father Gloin because they’d had a visit from a messenger from Sauron and wanted advice from Elrond
The Lord Sauron the Great, so he said, wished for our friendship. Rings he would give for it, such as he gave of old. And he asked urgently concerning hobbits, of what kind they were, and where they dwelt.
ibid.
Legolas was there to inform Gandalf of the loss of Sméagol who was being held by the Elves of the Woodland realm
There was also a strange Elf clad in green and brown, Legolas, a messenger from his father, Thranduil, the King of the Elves of Northern Mirkwood...
Alas! alas!’ cried Legolas, and in his fair Elvish face there was great distress. ‘The tidings that I was sent to bring must now be told. They are not good, but only here have I learned how evil they may seem to this company. Sméagol, who is now called Gollum, has escaped.
ibid.
Galdor on a trip from the Havens with news from Círdan
Galdor, an Elf from the Grey Havens who had come on an errand from Círdan the Shipwright.
ibid.
and most of the other people were also just in Rivendell at the time, or of the House of Elrond.
There was therefore no reason for a representative from Rohan to be there.
Grima and Saruman were trying to destroy Rohan.
Now considering so many people were at Elrond's one may assume it was a lucky twist of fate, or that Elrond is quite sought after for much news (even if he is an ~100 day ride from Gondor). Rohan, in the state it was in, wouldn't have gone to Elrond for aid if they needed any, because Saruman and Grima had poisoned Théoden's mind and would've stopped anyone from going to seek Elrond's for help. Given Gandalf was aware of Sauron's treachery, it would've been one of Saruman's priorities to ensure no news of Théoden's sickness got out. Théoden did not see kindly to Gandalf's arrival after his escape from Saruman, and sent him off immediately.
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1I never thought of this before, but this adds more support to Gandalf's idea that there was "another power at work". All of these events were meant to happen. Perhaps Boromir's dream was sent by the "other power" in such a way and at a time that would cause him to arrive around the same time as the hobbits. Commented Dec 22, 2017 at 21:45
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1@ToddWilcox everything that was is supposed to happen, that’s the idea behind the Music of the Ainur it’s a guideline for telling the entire future and the plot effectively follows it along, it was almost certainly not divine intervention, if it was Eru would’ve melted the ring or cast Sauron out on the spot. Commented Dec 22, 2017 at 21:49
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3It would not be inconsistent with Tolkien’s Christian world-view for “divine intervention” to be subtle but just enough to make it possible (not guaranteed) for Good to prevail in the end.– WGroleauCommented Dec 23, 2017 at 13:10
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4Well you don't want Good sitting around sipping Mai Tais waiting for divine intervention to do all the heavy lifting... Commented Dec 23, 2017 at 15:30
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@ToddWilcox Elrond says this outright, as quoted in Golding's answer. Commented Dec 25, 2017 at 17:15
According to The Fellowship of the Ring, Book Two, Chapter two "The Council of Elrond", everyone at the Council of Elrond either lived at Rivendell (Elrond, Bilbo, Aragorn when not on a journey, Glorfindel, Erestor and other counsellors of Elrond) or else happened to be there on other business (Gandalf, Frodo brought to Rivendell by Aragorn, Galdor on business from the Grey Havens, Legolas with a message that Gollum had escaped, Gloin and Gimili with a message from Dain, Boromir from Gondor, etc.). Elrond said:
"..What shall we do with the Ring, the least of rings, the trifle that Sauron fancies? That is the doom that we must deem.
That is the purpose for which you have been called hither. Called I say, though I have not called you to me, strangers from distant lands. You have come and are here met, in this very nick of time, by chance as it may seem. Yet it is not so. Believe rather that it is so ordered that we who sit here, and none others, must now find counsel for the peril of the world."
None of the strangers came to Rivendell because of a summons from Elrond, nor did any of them know beforehand they would have to decide what to do with the Ring. They seemed to have come there by accident and chance, but Elrond believed that they had been chosen and summoned by Eru, God Almighty, to form the council and decide what to do with the Ring.
Rohan did not send a representative to Rivendell to debate the fate of the Ring, because nobody in Rohan knew that the Ring had been found and was in Rivendell.
Why didn't Eru cause King Theoden of Rohan to send someone to Rivendell on some other business at the right time to be part of the Council of Elrond?
If the others were at Rivendell by coincidence and chance, then the answer is that Rohan did not send anyone to Rivendell by chance. And if the others came to Rivendell though the secret manipulations of the almighty god Eru, only Eru knows why they, and none others, were selected by Eru.
So if you believe, like Elrond, that Eru brought the members of the council together as part of His divine plan for the destiny of the world, you will have to ask Eru why some people were manipulated into arriving at the Council of Elrond and others were not. And good luck getting an answer.
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2Given the antagonism that Rohirrim initially show towards elves, it's not likely that their representative would contribute much to the council or might have anything that would occasion seeking Rivendell. The various flavors of Elves, the Dwarves, the Rangers, Gandalf and Gondor were all part of an existing alliance against Sauron, and they all would acknowledge that. Rohan wasn't, except indirectly by their support of Gondor. Basically, Rohan wasn't yet a full player in the game. Commented Dec 22, 2017 at 18:33
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2It is implied that the whole thing was part of his plan, making sure Bilbo found the Ring, that it ended up in Frodo's hands and then helping to make sure it was actually destroyed in the end. Commented Dec 22, 2017 at 18:52
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2@jamesqf except that the Elves didn't just believe. They knew of the existence of Eru, and something of the way he worked. Elrond is not speaking from belief, but from the experience of the Elves. Commented Dec 23, 2017 at 4:21
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2Gandalf was the one who told Frodo that he Bilbo was meant to find the Ring and eventually give it to Frodo. This is someone created directly by Eru. The Ainur were not all knowing, but this was someone who knew Eru and was not just being hopefully optimistic. Commented Dec 23, 2017 at 4:49
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3@Matt Gutting: Not really. Even if you accept Eru &c as within-the-story reality rather than the mythology of the Elves, there's a difference in believing something and knowing it. I dare say that if a different group of people had wound up in Rivendell at that time, Elrond would have believed that THEY were meant to deal with the problem of the Ring.– jamesqfCommented Dec 23, 2017 at 19:50
In addition to the answers that have already been given (which correctly point out that Elrond didn't actually himself summon the would-be council members to Rivendell,) it's important to remember that Théoden was still under the spell of Saruman at that time.
Since Théoden was under Saruman's control, he'd almost certainly not have supported destroying the ring.
Additionally, as M.A. Golding's answer mentions, Elrond told the council,
What shall we do with the Ring, the least of rings, the trifle that Sauron fancies? That is the doom that we must deem.
That is the purpose for which you have been called hither. Called I say, though I have not called you to me, strangers from distant lands. You have come and are here met, in this very nick of time, by chance as it may seem. Yet it is not so. Believe rather that it is so ordered that we who sit here, and none others, must now find counsel for the peril of the world.
Presumably, at least by Elrond's belief, whoever or whatever 'ordered' things such that the members of the council would be in Rivendell at the right time would have been aware of Saruman's control over Théoden and, thus, did not want a representative of Théoden to be present in order to prevent news of the council's intent from reaching Saruman (and, from Saruman, likely also Sauron.) Keeping Sauron from knowing their plans to destroy the ring was key to being able to ultimately carry out those plans. Gandalf spoke of the desire to maintain this secrecy:
Let folly be our cloak, a veil before the eyes of the Enemy! For he is very wise, and weighs all things to a nicety in the scales of his malice. But the only measure that he knows is desire, desire for power; and so he judges all hearts. Into his heart the thought will not enter that any will refuse it, that having the Ring we may seek to destroy it. If we seek this, we shall put him out of reckoning.
Thus, not having a representative of Théoden present was important to the council accomplishing its purpose.
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1He says "believe that it is so ordered" not that it was necessarily ordered, however what Elrond seems to be referencing is the Music, not necessarily Eru himself. A reasonable answer on fate and free will. Commented Dec 22, 2017 at 19:29
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My question however stands, while Eru might have stopped anyone from going, why didn't he send a representative from Lake Town? Or Bree? Or the Pukel-men, the Druadan? etc. etc. Commented Dec 22, 2017 at 19:34
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@Edlothiad That's certainly an interesting question, but, at least to me, it doesn't seem obvious that answering it is necessary to answering this one. I mostly just added this answer to point out the part about Théoden being under Saruman's influence. Though I now see that you edited your answer to also mention that while I was writing mine. At any rate, it does seem, at least, that Elrond was of the belief that who would be present for the council was intentional and not just a matter of chance.– reirabCommented Dec 22, 2017 at 19:42
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It's relevant given the point you make to answer this question, it would be a flawed premise if he only invited those who are "good" and not the evil ones when there were "good" people's who weren't there. Commented Dec 22, 2017 at 19:45
It must be noted that Rohan, in the larger scheme of things was not a power of its own. Calenardhon was part of the Kingdom Of Gondor:
Source: Tolkien Gateway.
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3But at the time when LotR is set, Rohan is certainly an independent power, an ally of Gondor but not a part of it.– Rand al'Thor ♦Commented Dec 24, 2017 at 15:35
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It gets in the imaginary what/who etc -- there was a power certainly interfering in things (moving the Ring in the dark, getting the Council together) and it's not clear just how high that power was and how such minutiae like Rohan becoming independent "recentlly".– chxCommented Dec 24, 2017 at 18:55
It wasn't kind of a planned council, it was just chance which had brought so many important people representing different people from different places in such a grave time as then. And so Elrond or Gandalf or both together (with maybe Saruman and Galadriel) held a council in which everyone present there in Rivendell would be given a chance to discuss what forced them to come to Rivendell and a solution to the problem as well as the problem of the One Ring, since there was much to be debated on about it and what to do with it since it was found and war was near.
Gimli wasn't invited, nor was Boromir, nor was Galdor from the havens etc. Each of them came independently to seek the help of Elrond, and so Elrond called a meeting.
There are many possible explanations that why no one of Rohan came.
Firstly, the king was not in his senses and was very less concerned with what all was happening elsewhere, since he was under the influence of Grima Wormtongue.
Secondly, the Rohirrim did not have dealings with anyone except Gondor or Dunland(which long ago ended during the reign of Helm Hammmerhand).
If the council would have been pre-planned situations would have a lot different, maybe Eomer would himself have come with Boromir to Rivendell.
Who knows what would have happened?